PHYSICS 198-620B
Experimental Techniques in Sub-Atomic Physics
CALORIMETRY
François Corriveau
IPP/McGill University
Introduction
Principle
Particle detection
Properties
Electromagnetic showers
Energy losses
e
and attenuation
gamma
Critical energy
E
c
Radiation length
X
0
Shower examples and models
Data vs Simulations: longitudinal and lateral distributions
Energy measurements
Electromagnetic calorimeters
Energy resolution vs different types
Fully active calorimeters
Examples, shower leakage
Properties and performances
Sampling calorimeters
Ionization techniques
Intrinsic sampling fluctuations
Performances
Scintillation techniques
Wavelength shifter readout
Trigger signals
Time response
Hadronic showers
Strong interaction and elementary processes
Longitudinal distributions
Shower model
Distributions from induced radioactivity
Lateral distributions
Shower components, examples
Intrinsic
e/h
ratio: compensation, energy resolution
Hadronic calorimetry
Dissipation of energy
Hadronic shower processes
mip,
e/mip
,
gamma/mip
,
p/mip
Binding energy loss
Neutron cross section
Signal amplification
Hadronic calorimeters
Compensation
Methods, saturation effects
Neutron response,
n/mip
e/h
ratio vs calorimeter type
Hadronic energy resolution
n
and
gamma
resolutions
Binding energy loss
Resolution vs calorimeter type
Shower containment
Radiation damage
Particle identification
Detection
Longitudinal information
Additional Si-diode sampling
Lateral information
Review of calorimeters
D\O, H1, GEM, ATLAS
SLD, RD1, SDC, CDF
ZEUS calorimeters
Physics at HERA
Deep inelastic scattering
AFS --> HELIOS --> ZEUS
Barrel calorimeter
Forward and rear calorimeters
Longitudinal and lateral segmentations
Optical chain: scintillator, wavelength shifter
ZEUS calorimeter performances
Prototype
Energy distributions
Inter-calibration
Linearity
e/h
ratio
Energy resolution
Non-uniformities
Calibrations: UNO signals,
60
Co source, muons
Magnetic field dependence
Time information
DIS events
References
Assignments